The feeder protection relay REF615 can be
supplied either with directional or nondirectional earth-fault protection. Directional
earth-fault protection is mainly used in
isolated or compensated networks, whereas
non-directional earth-fault protection is intended for directly or low impedance earthed
networks.
The REF615 is available in twelve alternative standard configurations. Modifications to the standard signal configuration can be made by means of the signal matrix or the graphical application functionality of the Protection and Control IED Manager (PCM600). Further, the application configuration functionality of PCM600 supports the creation of multi-layer logic functions using various logical elements, including timers and flip-flops. By combining protection functions with logic function blocks, the relay configuration can be adapted to user-specific application requirements.
The relay is delivered from the factory with default connections, which are described in the functional diagrams covering binary inputs, binary outputs, function-to-function connections, and alarm LEDs. It should be noted that some of the supported functions in the REF615 must be added using the Application Configuration tool before they become available in the Signal Matrix tool and on the relay itself. Additionally, the positive measuring direction of the directional protection functions is oriented towards the outgoing feeder.
Functionally, the relay provides both directional and non-directional overcurrent protection, as well as thermal overload protection. It also includes directional and non-directional earth-fault protection. For select standard configurations, an optional feature is available: in addition to directional earth-fault protection, users can utilize earth-fault protection based on admittance, harmonics, or wattmetric principles. Furthermore, the relay is equipped with a comprehensive set of protective functions, including sensitive earth-fault protection, phase discontinuity protection, transient/intermittent earth-fault protection, overvoltage and undervoltage protection, residual overvoltage protection, positive-sequence undervoltage protection, and negative-sequence overvoltage protection. Frequency protection—encompassing overfrequency, underfrequency, and frequency rate-of-change protection—is included in relays with standard configurations H, J, K, L, and N. The relay also incorporates optional three-pole multishot autoreclosing functions, specifically designed for overhead line feeders.
Notably, the standard configurations L and N offer an additional key feature: multifrequency admittance-based earth-fault protection. This function delivers selective directional earth-fault protection for high-impedance earthed networks. Its operation relies on multifrequency neutral admittance measurement, which leverages both fundamental frequency and harmonic components in the zero-sequence voltage (Uo) and zero-sequence current (Io). A specialized filtering algorithm ensures dependable and secure fault direction detection, even during intermittent or restriking earth faults. This design achieves an excellent balance of reliability and protection sensitivity, with a single function capable of addressing low-ohmic and higher-ohmic earth faults, as well as transient, intermittent, or restriking earth faults.
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